Before you start
You should check whether your proposal needs planning permission before changing how a property is used.
Check if you need planning permission
What is a HMO?
An HMO is a property rented to three or more people who are not from the same household and share facilities such as a kitchen or bathroom.
This is different from a single household (such as a family), which is known as a dwelling house.
When planning permission may be required
You may need planning permission if the use of the property changes.
Planning permission is usually required if:
- the HMO accommodates more than 6 people
- permitted development rights have been removed
- the property is in an area with additional restrictions
Find out more about permitted development rights
Whether a change of use has occurred is assessed on a case‑by‑case basis, taking account of how the property is used and its impact.
Larger or more intensively used HMOs are more likely to require planning permission.
When planning permission is not required
Planning permission is not usually required for small HMOs (up to 6 people), as this may fall within the same planning use class.
You may not need planning permission if:
- the property changes from a single household to a small HMO
- permitted development rights allow this type of change
HMOs and Article 4 Directions
In some areas, Article 4 Directions remove permitted development rights.
In Westmorland and Furness, Article 4 Directions generally apply to external changes to buildings and do not usually remove permitted development rights for changes of use to small HMOs.
This means that, in most cases, a change from a single household (C3) to a small HMO (C4) does not require planning permission unless other restrictions apply.
Other restrictions may still apply depending on your property and circumstances.
You should still check whether any restrictions affect your property:
Find out more about conservation areas and Article 4 Directions.
Other permissions you may need
Planning permission is separate from other requirements.
You may also need:
- an HMO licence from the council
- to meet housing and safety standards
- landlord or freeholder permission (if applicable)
- Building Regulations approval if any structural alterations or building works have been carried out
Find out more about HMO licensing and requirements
Further guidance
Planning permission depends on your property and the proposed installation.
You can:
- check permitted development guidance
- apply for a Lawful Development Certificate for formal confirmation
Get advice before you apply
If you are unsure about your proposal, you can: