Backward chaining

Backward chaining is when you do most of the task and then your child completes the final step. This lets your child experience success straight away. As their confidence grows, your child will gradually take on more of the earlier steps. This will lead to them doing the whole task independently.

For example, when putting on a coat, you might do all the steps except pulling up the zip. Once your child can do this confidently, they can begin to take on more of the task.

Backward chaining can be especially helpful for children who become frustrated easily or lack confidence.

Visual supports such as photographs, pictures, checklists or symbols can also help children remember the steps involved.

M.A.T.C.H. strategy

The M.A.T.C.H. approach helps you adapt activities so your child can take part successfully and build confidence.

M - Modify the task

Make the activity easier while still allowing your child to take part and achieve success. For example:

• break tasks into smaller steps
• use visual timetables or checklists
• use adapted equipment or technology where helpful

A - Alter your expectations

Think about what is most important for your child to learn and where flexibility is possible. For example:

• allow extra time to complete tasks
• offer alternative ways to show learning
• focus on effort and progress rather than perfection

T - Teaching strategies

Some children learn best when information is presented in different ways. For example:

• demonstrate the task first
• give one instruction at a time
• use pictures, prompts or visual reminders

C - Change the environment

Look at what is happening around your child. Think about whether anything is making the task harder. For example:

• make sure your child is comfortable and well-positioned
• provide a quiet workspace and reduce noise and distractions

H - Help by understanding

Every child has their own strengths and challenges. Understanding what your child finds difficult can help you give the right support and encouragement.

When children feel understood and supported, they are often more willing to try new activities and keep practising, even when tasks are challenging.

For more information, visit the CanChild website.

Remember

Success builds confidence. Small changes to tasks, expectations or the environment can make a big difference to your child's participation and independence.